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One of the current issues in the area of dairy cattle health is the presence of the micro-alga Prototheca. This alga is significant because it causes mastitis problems that can lead to large economic losses due to reduction in the quality and quantity of milk produced and the slaughter of infected animals, amongst other losses. Prototheca is a heterotrophic unicellular alga, phylogenetically correlated with the Chlorella genus. It is a stationary microorganism, oval or spherical in shape, and 7-10 microns in diameter. This alga reproduces asexually, does not photosynthesise and is widely distributed in the environment. A saprotrophic agent, Prototheca metabolises simple sugars and amino acids. It is ubiquitous in nature and has been isolated from soil, waterways, and faeces of cattle, pigs, dogs, rodents, and even humans affected by gastro-enteric disease. It is usually present in tap water at levels below 10 CFU/ml, while in the biofilm and sediments deposited in the different parts of the water distribution system, it can reach values greater than 10,000 CFU/ml or g. On dairy farms, the most favourable areas for the growth of Prototheca are cracks in the pavement, the water system biofilm, small puddles of water existing in the transit areas of the milking parlour, microscopic pores of the rubber components in the milking system, and other similar places. Given that Prototheca has proven highly resistant to disinfection with chlorinated products, the cleaning and disinfection programs of the installations, especially milking equipment, should be carried out using specific products and work protocols. It should be noted that the commonly used chlorinated detergents are not effective against this alga. Therefore, the only effective action is to disinfect using products based on hydrogen peroxide and peracetic acid, whose algaecide action has been certified.